Goal: talk about time using time clauses, apologise politely for being late, describe a pie chart, write a 200-word time-management essay. Examined in Test 9 (connectives), Test 14 (pie chart), Test 16 (time essay).
📐 Time clauses
- when · as soon as · by the time · while · before · after
- After these → present tense, even for future meaning.
I will call you as soon as I reach home.
By the time you arrive, lunch will be ready.
📐 Polite apology — 4 moves
- 1. Open with "sorry": "I'm very sorry sir, for being late."
- 2. Honest reason: "Our train was delayed by 40 minutes."
- 3. Promise: "It will not happen again."
- 4. Accept consequence: "I am ready to take any punishment."
⏳ Famous time sayings
- "Time is money." — Benjamin Franklin
- "Time stops for no one."
- "Time is what we want most, but use worst." — Penn
- "One always has time enough, if one applies it well." — Goethe
- "A man who dares to waste one hour has not discovered the value of life." — Darwin
📊 Pie-chart phrases (Test 14)
- The highest percentage goes to ...
- The lowest percentage goes to ...
- Equal amount of time is spent on X and Y.
- More time is spent on X than on Y.
- Less time is spent on X than on Y.
- Close with an insight, not just numbers.
✍️ Writing — time management
- Notice (Test 6): 40–50 words.
- Short paragraph (Test 8): 50–60 words.
- Pie chart / dialogue / letter (Test 14): ~100 words.
- Time-management essay (Test 16): ~200 words. Quote → diagnosis → 3 habits (plan / morning / rest) → call to action.