Goal: give advice using modals, write Do's and Don'ts, form adverbs from adjectives, write safety notices and a campaign speech. Examined in Test 1 (matching), Test 2/3 (modals + adverbs), Test 6 (notice), Test 13 (sorting rules), Test 16 (speech / essay).
📐 Modals of advice / rule
- should — soft advice (should drink water)
- ought to — moral advice (ought to respect elders)
- had better — strong warning (had better wear a helmet)
- must — strong rule (must wear seatbelt)
- have / has to — rule from outside
- mustn\'t — prohibition (mustn\'t smoke here)
Modal + BARE verb (no "to")
EXCEPTION: ought to + verb.
📐 Adverbs of manner
- adjective + -ly: quick→quickly, slow→slowly
- y → i + ly: happy→happily, easy→easily
- drop final e: true→truly, due→duly
- irregular: good→well, fast→fast, hard→hard, late→late
- Position: after the verb / object.
She speaks clearly.
He answered the question correctly.
✓ Do's (positive imperative)
- Do wear your seatbelt.
- Always stop at the zebra crossing.
- Please hold the railing.
- Let\'s + verb (Let\'s go, Let\'s read).
- Wait for the train to stop.
✗ Don'ts (negative imperative)
- Don\'t / Do not + bare verb.
- Don\'t lean out of the window.
- Don\'t feed the animals.
- Don\'t waste water.
- Never ignore an alarm.
✍️ Writing — official word counts
- Notice (Test 6): 40–50 words. HEADLINE + must / do not / please + place + date + signature.
- Short paragraph (Test 8): 50–60 words.
- Letter / data description (Test 14): ~100 words.
- Speech / essay (Test 16): ~200 words. Hook → three-step advice → warm close.